Where the land looks as if it were sculpted by hand, the karst landscape of the Sicó Outdoor Centre emerges – the geological feature that defines this place. Here, the ancient dance between water and limestone has created sinkholes, caves, rock formations and grottos that reveal the very heart of the Earth. And as if that weren’t enough, this landscape is also home to the largest expanse of Portuguese oak (Quercus faginea) in Europe – a botanical treasure that further highlights this area’s unique character. Discover this rugged and beautiful terrain on routes designed for those who, like you, are drawn to extraordinary landscapes.
Karst
Landscape
Sicó Outdoor Centre Karst Landscape
Use our Interactive Map to search for points of interest and explore themed routes – then plan your next adventure with the Outdooractive app!
Iconic formations of the karst landscape
Sinkholes, caves, grottos, rock formations, springs… Here the earth reveals sculptures carved by water over millennia – geology is the star of the show in this landscape of stone and time! And the Sicó Outdoor Centre is the perfect natural stage for these living sculptures.
Want to walk to the sound of flowing water? On the Bonfim Trail, follow the path to Olhos d’Água, where the River Nabão springs to life amid Roman bridges and ancient chapels. And on the Ribeira do Tordo Route, pass by traditional mills and fields of flowering watercress until you reach Olho do Tordo, a hidden spring nestled in the lush green landscape of Pelmá.
Looking for imposing landscapes and limestone formations with mythical names? Explore the goat trails of the Fórnea Grand Route, which cross grazing lands and deep valleys before reaching the impressive Dolina do Bofinho – one of the largest natural depressions in the region.
Want to see the famous Megalapiás “Homem Velho” (Old Man)? Follow the Megalapiás Hiking Trail through dense oak woods and natural viewpoints until you reach the giant rock carved by water and wind. Along the way, you can also visit the Bacelinho Cave, an ancient gallery where the Romans once extracted ore – proof that Sicó’s underground world also has a plenty of stories to tell.
Sicó Outdoor Centre Viewpoints
At the Sicó Outdoor Centre, the viewpoints are like natural balconies overlooking an incredible karst landscape. They’re perfect stops to slow down, take in the view and let your gaze wander over the rolling hills, deep valleys and limestone formations.
Ready to walk surrounded by native vegetation and picture postcard views? The Encantos do Vale da Mata route is ready to lead you to Serra dos Ariques, where you’ll discover natural viewpoints over karst valleys that look like they belong in a painting.
Looking for a more intense experience? The P05 Red – Alvaiázere route takes you to the summit of the Serra de Alvaiázere via a challenging trail through striking karst landscapes. At the top, you’ll be rewarded with 360-degree views, unique geological formations and the famous Baloiço de Alvaiázere, where you can snap a photo with the world at your feet.
Want to combine altitude, history and nature? Choose the Vento Trail. This trail begins at the Monumental Complex of Santiago da Guarda, winding through oak forests and old windmills before reaching the Melriça Viewpoint, located at the Geodesic Centre of Portugal.
Karst Landscape Flora and Fauna
The karst landscape of the Sicó Outdoor Centre shapes a resilient plant life, adapted to thrive in dry, chalky soils. This area is home to the largest Portuguese oak forest in Europe – a botanical treasure that gives the region its identity. Alongside these unique trees are holm oaks, thyme and wild orchids, bringing colour and life to the most unexpected corners.
The local fauna also takes advantage of the karst landscape: bats inhabit rock cavities, birds of prey soar above the valleys, while partridges and rabbits move quietly through the vegetation.
Want to explore trails that wind through a karst landscape rich in biodiversity, unique species and stunning scenery? Take a walk through Portuguese oaks on the Megalápias Hiking Trail, and explore native forests and remarkable limestone formations – all in one outing!
Eager to enjoy wild orchids? Follow the Picotas Trail, along trails through valleys and hills, surrounded by local flora and fauna. And if you prefer the scent of thyme, then try the Alvaiázere Grand Route, where you can also visit the Algar da Água – a favourite shelter for bats!
Tips and Advice for Exploring the Landscape
Respect
Stick to the marked trails to respect nature, protect sensitive vegetation and help prevent erosion. Don’t leave litter, pick plants or disturb wildlife.
Safety
Wear footwear suitable for rocky and uneven terrain. Watch out for cracks or holes in the ground (such as limestone formations and cave shafts) and carry enough water – especially in summer.
Explore
Due to the risk of falls, disorientation or sudden flooding, you should only explore the caves and grottos in the Sicó Outdoor Centre with an experienced guide and appropriate equipment.
Photography
Capture the beauty of the landscape without harming the environment or putting yourself in danger. Safety and nature always come first.
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